The Role of Justice in Society Essay -- Just Justice Fair Philosophy E

The Role of Justice in Society Through the egalitarian reasoning of John Rawls and the act-utilitarianist perspective of J.J.C. Smart, I will analyze the concept of justice. In accordance with Rawls, I intend to argue that any changes in society that will increase the burden carried by the poorest 5% are unjust, even if these changes increase the average level of happiness for the other 95%. With regard to ethics, justice is defined as fairness, where all situations should be treated alike. For one to exhibit justice, one must portray the quality of being fair and reasonable in all situations. While egalitarians evaluate justice based on equality, utilitarians are only interested in justice as a means to an end. Smart advocates the principle of utility, which defines the morally action as whatever produces the greatest net happiness for everyone affected by that act. To identify an act as ‘just,’ Rawls employs the theory of justice as fairness. This theory stresses the principle of equal rights, and that an act is ‘just’ if equality is realized by everyone affected by the act.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before delving into John Rawls’ views on a ‘just’ society it is essential to understand his perception of the role of justice in society, as described in his book A Theory of Justice. Justice in society enforces individual’s rights and to â€Å"[deny] that the loss of freedom for some is made right by a greater good shared by others†. When the notion of justice becomes shared by all citizens, and equality is achieved, civility between members of society will restrict the use of some individuals as means to personal ends. Overall, Rawls argues that the most distinctive role of justice in society is to equally distribute rights and duties to individuals. The underlying egalitarian viewpoint is that individuals do not possess any characteristics that would â€Å"justify inequalities in the distribution of social benefits and burdens†. The principles of justice, as depicted in Rawls book, are chosen by individuals an initial position of equality. These principles can be applied to solve structural issues in society such as the distribution of social and economic advantages, the distribution of basic rights and duties to citizens. Rawls argues that in order for the principles of justice to establish an ideal society, where equality between citizens is realized, several hypothetical ... ... interest while in pursuit of maximizing happiness. Overall I agree with the principles set forth by John Rawls in his book A Theory of Justice, because it protects against discrimination of the lowest 5 of the population whose voice is usually discredited and overlooked in society. Works Cited Bayles, Michael, ed. Contemporary Utilitarianism. Garden City: Anchor, 1968  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hoffman, Michael W, Robert E. Fredrick, and Mark S. Schwartz. Business Ethics Readings and Cases in Corporate Morality. 4th Canadian ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001 Lamont, Julian. "Distributive Justice." The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2003 Edition). Main. Edward N. Zalta. 13 March 2004. . Nussbaum, Martha. The Enduring Significance of John Rawls. Evatt Foundation. 13 March 2004. Rawls, John. A Theory of Justice. Revised Canadian Ed. Cambridge: The Belknap Press, 1971 Scott, Alex. John Rawls’ A Theory of Justice. 14 March 2003. Smart, and Bernard Williams. Utilitarianism: For and Against. Trowbridge: Redwood Burn, 1973 Utilitarianism Resources. BLTC Research. 15 March 2004. Williams, Jon. An Examination of John Rawls’s Critique of Utilitarianism. 13 March 2004

Gerda Klein Essay -- Gerda Weissman Klein, Jewish Holocaust

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the Holocaust, Jewish people were submitted to the vilest and most inhumane conditions the world had ever seen. Their most basic freedoms were taken from them. At first, all they lost were items such as flour, eggs, sugar, and cocoa. Later, they were stripped of their land and businesses and separated according to their ability to be productive slaves to Hitler's Third Reich. Those that were deemed unfit were sent to slaughter houses. Entire families were torn apart, much like what happened to Gerda Weissman Klein's family. Despite watching her mother, father, and brother being taken from her, knowing that she would never see them again, she found the strength to survive three years in German labor camps through her family, friends, and her own strong will for survival. After Poland fell to German forces, all Jewish men of a certain age range were required to register. Klein brother Arthur was the first family member she lost when he was called to duty. e strong, they will need you. (p. 21) Those were Arthur last words to his little sister, and Klein took them very seriously. Even after she found herself separated from her family and imprisoned by the Nazis, Klein drew strength from Arthur plea. Klein parents were a major source of strength for her. They were who she looked to for guidance and support, especially after Germany invaded Poland. After the Nazis were in power and before she went away to labor camps, everything Klein did revolved around her ...

My Scarf (Sentimental Value) Essay

Anyone has something that they would consider as a sentimental value, mine would be a scarf. Yes, a scarf, and this scarf is really special to me. It’s not like any other scarf you would see on any shelves in any stores. This one is knitted and handmade by me and my grandmother. We made it together a long time ago when I was just six years old. I was always sneaking up on my grandmother when she would sit in her armchair and knit, I was fascinated of how she made it look so easy. And one day I asked her to teach me how to knit, at first I was really frustrated because no matter how hard I tried I couldn’t get it right. My grandmother was laughing and saying to me that no one gets it right the first time and that I needed to be a little more patient and I would get it right. I was watching my grandmother carefully and I was repeating every step after her and little by little with my grandmother’s guidance I finally learned the basics of knitting. After some time I even learned how to make a couple of rows of stitches in a row. One day my grandmother asked me to help her to knit a scarf and so we sat and we started working on it. After a couple of weeks when the scarf was done, I was so proud of myself because not all the girls my age could knit. So the minute it was done my grandma said that I can have it now, that it is mine now, since I was participating in the making of it. I was overwhelmed when she told me that I can have it now. I would actually sleep wrapped in that scarf, would go outside with it, wrap my dolls in it, everything that could a child be possibly doing with it, I’ve done it. And to this day I still have it in my closet and every time I take it out and look at it, it puts a smile on my face, no matter what kind of mood I am in. It always reminds me of my childhood and my kind grandma that taught me how to knit. Bibliography: My personal story

The Act of Manipulation Is to Control or Influence Someone

The act of manipulation is to control or influence someone or a situation. Throughout all of history there are many examples of manipulation enacted by a person in higher position. George Orwell captures the act of government manipulation in his literary work Nineteen Eighty-Four. The predominant type of manipulation in Nineteen Eighty-Four is psychological. The government uses brainwashing, fear of thought, and fear of the party to control the psychological state of society. George Orwell demonstrated the technique of brainwashing demonstrated throughout the whole novel.George Orwell introduces the reader to the idea of brainwashing when ‘Two Minutes of Hate,† a daily two-minute period is aired on large telescreens throughout the city and in every home. â€Å"Two Minutes of Hate† a strategy for brainwashing used by the party, presents the party’s greatest enemy. A terrible sound accompanies Goldstein’s image in order to trigger people’s feelin gs of frustration, and therefore sight of Goldstein becomes implanted in the brain associating the two senses with a negative concept, therefore allowing the government to control societies psychological feelings.Another example of brainwashing is evident when the party forces Winston, the main character, to face his fear of rats. Rats are used to intensify Winston’s fear forcing him to a point of breaking his spirit of independence. Winston surrenders and lets go of all his personal emotion. George Orwell explains how the use of brainwashing by the government has allowed them to convince society that 2+2=5. Government can psychologically control society by brainwashing the people.

Critically Evaluate The Sustainability Strategy Of Coca-Cola Company Coursework

Critically Evaluate The Sustainability Strategy Of Coca-Cola Company - Coursework Example This is different from the convectional business model where it was relegated outside the business strategy, being left for business experts, innovators and perfectionists. Coca-Cola is a multinational non-alcoholic beverage company headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, with over 200 foreign subsidiaries. The company has a market capitalization of 178.67B USD and an enterprise value of 193.97B USD (Isdell, N. & Beasley, 102). It has maintained competitiveness in the contemporary business environment due to its corporate sustainability program integrated in its business strategy. This paper presents a critical evaluation of how effectively the company is integrating sustainability issues in to business strategy. It also explains the specific reasons the company is adopting sustainability. The paper also highlights some failures experienced in maintaining a competitive sustainability strategy as well as an action plan to improve its performance. Coca-Cola Business Strategy Statement of Lo ng-Term Intent Coca-Cola Company has a long term intent for sustainability that is supported by the presence of the position of Chief Sustainability Officer since 2011, which has significantly contributed to its sustainability agenda with the theme dubbed ‘Live Positively’, which is focused on three pillars of people, society and environment (Lester & Tice, 59). The theme is accomplished through partnership with governments as well as non-governmental organizations. The sustainability efforts have been entrenched in all aspects of business, including the company’s affiliates and subsidiaries. Sustainability reports are published annually, which indicates the company’s commitment to its long-term intent (Jean et al, 82). To accomplish long-term sustainability, the company has set smart objectives such as promotion of healthy living, livelihood improvement in poor communities, empowerment of vulnerable groups that are shared among the business linkages. Redu ction of the calorie level in its beverages is aimed at addressing the health concerns of consumers with regards to high calories in the diet. Product differentiation has successfully led to the development of over 800 beverages that have little or no calories, such as Diet Coke (Allen, 8). Moreover, the company has strived to achieve a 9% reduction in calorie per portion globally. This strategy has positioned its products competitively by expanding the market share to new consumers who prefer low calorie drinks Further to promote healthy living, the company focuses on establishing a physical health and nutrition program in every nation where it has set up business (Webb, 61). The company recognizes the

Final Eassy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final Eassy - Essay Example Inside the primary unit of the family, parents are faced with the challenge of juggling children who have acquired the Canadian norms and culture, and desire to maintain their own traditional norms and beliefs. Children born to the immigrants socialize and learn the current cultural norms while the parents are alienated because they cannot let go of their native belief systems (Johnson 342). In addition, Aboriginal families have been denied the opportunity to bring up their children because of programs like residential school programs which forced children to leave their homes hence leading to separation and tearing of the family unit. Italian immigrants are given negative characterization and this has forced the young generation to ignore old norms and beliefs and adopt a Canadian belief system so as to be accepted in the current society. Original subcultures give a family a sense of belonging and enhance the process of socialization through which parents can instill values, beliefs and attitudes of their children. For the aborigines, the government considers their culture non-functional and has had several initiatives to abolish the nomadic system and assimilate them into the big Canadian society. The community's resistance to change has led to isolation and stereotyping, leaving the community in abject poverty in a country that is considered one of the best destinations in the world. Both Italian and aboriginal families are forced to live in poor urban shanties because of lack of acceptance and poverty levels in the Canada. For Italians, the family is a resourceful and dynamic structure that is forced to compromise because of the different demands in the bicultural and bilingual Canadian setting. To adapt the two cultures and survive in Canada, the family is forced to adapt cultural and linguistic aspects and develops a synthetic culture made up of cultural elements from both societies (Colalillo 120) . On the contrary, the Aborigine family has refused to le t go of their traditional cultural systems to maintain their identity. However, they find it hard to maintain their lifestyle and customs because of aggravating poverty and lack of government support. Because of its inability to provide for the basic needs of its members, reports from child welfare society indicates that an estimate of more than 80% of their children being raised in poverty stricken families. Literature indicates Italian immigrant families have experienced alienation that has led to breaking of families, disruptions of family life as laid down by the Italian culture and moved to unfamiliar territories. (Colalillo, 123). On the contrary, Over the years, literature indicates that the aboriginal people have undergone suffering and poverty because of their adamancy to get rid of their nomadic cultural system. In the Canadian society, aborigines are stereotyped and their relationship with other communities is tainted by mutual mistrust and misunderstanding. The Italian f amilies have benefited from a little positive reception as immigrants and therefore their children are able to get basic education. However, the generation and knowledge gap created between these two groups socialized through different systems strains the family set up because of differences in world views. On the contrary, Because of the state of poverty and government alienation, the

IT Development And Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IT Development And Strategy - Essay Example Describe ways of managing the transition in the support, turnaround, factory, and strategic quadrants? Transitions in the role of IT are crucial to enabling organizations to evolve in their reliance on IT for sustainable business processes. Various factors that are derived from within the environment or outside promote the assimilation of IT with business processes for greater efficiency, etc, thereby prompting the transformation in the role from support to turnaround to the factory and to strategic quadrant. Usually, these triggers are received from the environment and the changing trends in time, which also explains why several firms solely relying on IT for support services began incorporating IT to provide other services to their global consumers. A shift to the turnaround quadrant is often characterized by a need to identify IT as an opportunity in order to usefully utilize insightful data analytics to change strategies thereby gaining an advantage. Organizations that base heavi ly on their factory processes also find IT integration quite helpful in helping them optimize their uptimes. By doing so, they try to circumvent serious downtimes, of which even the slightest, costs a huge amount to any particular organizations (Applegate, Austin, Soule 2009, p. 427). That is why organizations use IT systems in order to prevent significant downtimes to keep their factory operations running smoothly and efficiently. This demonstrates a shift from turnaround to factory quadrant.